Society of Clinical Anatomists Petition to Medical Council of India (MCI)

The background is that in 2015, the Medical Council of India (MCI) suddenly and drastically reduced the number of Faculty required to teach Indian Medical Students. For example, in Anatomy, the earlier Faculty strength for 150 students was 1 Professor, 2 Associate Professors, 3 Assistant Professors (upto these 3 grades, qualified post graduates MD/MS/MSc.PhD are required and only they can do justice to teaching complex subjects like Anatomy) and finally 4 Tutors (who are eligible on the basis of an Undergraduate Degree MBBS/MSc.). Suddenly these were reduced to (1+1+2)+3 for 150 students and (1+1+1)+3 for 100 students due to intense lobbying by Indian Private Medical Colleges' lobby. How can Four Faculties alone handle 150 students and how can Three Faculties alone handle 100 students, on the background of 650 hours of teaching-learning-evaluation activities? Whereas the number of cadavers required for dissection are 1 per 10 students, it means 4 Faculties will have to handle 15 table dissections for 150 students and 3 Faculties will have to handle 10 cadavers for 100 students!!!

The number of hours of teaching learning processes, per batch in an academic year, assigned by the MCI to Anatomy is 650 hours whereas for Physiology it is 480 hours and for Biochemistry it is 240 hours (these are the first three subjects in 1st MBBS). And still the number of Faculty across these three departments are the same. How justified is this? On one hand Indian Medical Faculty are mandated to take up Workshops in Medical Education Technology (MET) where emphasis is given on Small Group Teaching, Group Discussions, Seminars  and assignments with horizontal and vertical integration with other Medical Subjects, as well as Evaluation processes involving Vivas and Practical, on the other hand  only 3 to 4 Degree Specific Qualified Faculties are expected to manage a bunch of 100 to 150 Students. This defies any sense of propriety and logic.
What will be the quality of Education imparted? This reduction has also given rise to loss of jobs on one hand with desperate  need to migrate away from one's home state to other states to get exploited and on the other hand has created a bottom heavy pyramid with lack of career progression of the juniors with eventual vacancies in Doctors joining Anatomy as a Post Graduate course and career.

This is also relevant to every subject and Department in MBBS course. Only improvement in Indian Medical Education  standards can improve Indian Healthcare Standards.

Below is the letter sent to regulatory authorities by the Society of Clinical Anatomists (SOCA), of which I am a life member. I was actively involved in the drafting of the same as well as sensitising the Anatomists on this grave discrepancy, by repeated communications about ground level inequalities.


Please read on...

Dear SOCA members,

The MCI Notification dated 01/07/2015 availableat http://www.mciindia.org/Egazette.aspx understandably created a wave of concern amongst anatomists. As a responsible body, we weighed our options and it was decided to act in the best possible manner to counter this move by MCI. It is imperative to understand here that SOCA is a growing body (700 plus members) and so the main constraint for SOCA is the lack of finance available for the purpose of litigation. Dr Dyutimoy Datta, a responsible SOCA member provided a useful input that Mr Prashant Bhushan, a renowned Supreme Court advocate is readying a PIL and soliciting information/evidence at e mail id: reformcorruptmci@gmail.com. Accordingly, a petition was compiled against the decision by MCI by Dr Dyutimoy Datta and Dr Hirak Das taking inputs from experienced SOCA Executive members and SOCA life members. The same petition was amended and approved by the Founder members, Secretary and President and has been forwarded to Mr Prashant Bhushan on 02.09.2015.
A petition to revert the decision regarding reducing number of teaching faculties in Anatomy in Medical colleges has also been sent signed by Secretary and President SOCA to Dr Jayshreeben Mehta, President, Medical Council of India via Registered post.
A committee of active and enterprising members has also been formed to provide ideas and avenues for furtherance of our decision to get the MCI decision reverted. This committee will look into the possible avenues and options including formation of an umbrella body to counter MCI decisions adversely affecting faculty and report to the Secretariat. The Vice-President is a member of this important committee.
Friends, we have realized, that not many associations are coming out against this MCI decision openly and there are people within our community who comment in favor of MCI decision. This situation is alarming but I believe and assure you that Society of Clinical Anatomists will always continue to strive for the Anatomists. I congratulate our young members who have been updating the Secretariat regarding the developments and have been providing inputs for the preparation of SOCA drafts seeking reversion of the MCI decision.
Regards,
Dr Gaurav Agnihotri Secretary,
Society of Clinical Anatomists (SOCA)


From: 

Society of Clinical Anatomists (SOCA) 

Reg. No. 168/2011 

Flat- D, First Floor, 

Vijaysri Durgalakshmi Apartments No. 20, Lakshmipuram, Gandhi Road Salem – 636007, Tamil Nadu

To: 

Dr. Jayshreeben Mehta 

President, 

Medical Council of India, 

New Delhi

Reference/Notification No. MCI-34(41) 2014/119324;
Date Of Gazatte Notification 03/07/2015; 

Date Of MCI Notification 01/07/2015;

Subject Of Gazette- Minimum Standard Requirements for 50,100,150,200,250 MBBS Admissions annually Regulations, 1999 – Amendment. Available at http://www.mciindia.org/Egazette.aspx

Subject: Petition to revert the decision regarding reducing number of Teaching Faculties in Anatomy in Medical colleges

Respected Madam,

We, the undersigned, on behalf of Society of Clinical Anatomists humbly request you to kindly spare some time for us, to peruse through a petition praying Medical Council of India (MCI) to revert its decision to reduce faculty strength in Medical Colleges, particularly in the department of Anatomy.

It is felt by the society that the said amendment does not bode well for the future of medical education in India. It has also been felt that the decision shall prove to be counterproductive with long term negative impact on society. Medical Council of India is regarded as the guarding angel for the medical teachers. However, such a move of MCI shall hit the medical teachers below the belt and subject them to unnecessary harassment.

In this context, it is our humble prayer to you to kindly consider our petition to maintain the quality of Indian Medical Education and protect the interests of Indian Medical Teachers.

With all due Respects

Sincerely yours

Dr. Daksha Dixit MBBS, MS (Anatomy) 

President, Society of Clinical Anatomists

Dr. Gaurav Agnihotri MBBS, MS (Anatomy) 

General Secretary, Society of Clinical Anatomists

Copy to:

1. Hon'ble President, Government of India 

2. Hon'ble Prime Minister, Government of India 

3. Hon'ble Minister, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India 

4. Dr. C V Bhirmanandam, Vice-President, Medical Council of India, New Delhi 

5. Prof. Siri Bhawan Siwach, Chairman, PG Committee, Medical Council of India, New Delhi- 2

Petition to revert the decision of the Medical Council of India (MCI) reducing number of Teaching Faculties in Anatomy in Medical colleges

Reference/Notification No. MCI- 34(41)/2014/119324;
Date Of Gazatte Notification 03/07/2015; Date Of MCI Notification 01/07/2015;
Subject Of Gazette- Minimum Standard Requirements for 50,100,150,200,250 MBBS Admissions annually, Regulations, 1999- Amendment. Available at http://www.mciindia.org/Egazette.aspx

In reference to the above subject, the Society of Clinical Anatomists comprising a body of Indian Clinical Anatomists, all of whom are teaching faculties in various medical colleges across the length and breadth of this country, wish to bring to your kind attention the following points as to why the Medical Council of India needs to reconsider its decision to reduce Teaching Faculties, particularly in pre-clinical subjects like Anatomy, taught in 1st MBBS.

1. Anatomy is the first department and subject, a fresh student out of 12th Standard steps into, after clearing the entry procedures to MBBS course. It is considered the vocabulary of medicine and plays a critical role in furthering the understanding of the other medical subjects. Anatomy is the geography, the theatre on which various histories are enacted.

Vision 2015, of the MCI regarding Medical Education, envisaged the role of a foundation course of two months followed by one year of 1st MBBS course. The role of Anatomy teachers, to achieve the objective of settling down the fresh students entering into MBBS through non uniform entry mechanisms, was felt by the MCI itself. The objective was to make reception of Medical education equal and effective across all categories of students with respect to entry through nationalized and state level entrance examinations or on the basis of marks obtained in state board examinations with differing mediums of instruction, Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE), Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) to name a few, or through a combination of both. In this context, reduction of Teaching Faculties in Anatomy does not correlate with the objective of imparting a language to understand medicine as a whole and is a certain dilution of Vision 2015.

2. MCI has been steadily decreasing the Faculty requirements in medical colleges, hoping that it shall solve the vexed problems of the so called faculty shortage. Yet there seems to be no end to this problem. Such periodic moves at faculty reduction only prove to be counter-productive. In Pre clinical departments like Anatomy, MCI should understand the following ground realities.

a. When a medical graduate opts for a MD/MS seat, one of his/her prime consideration is his/her future career and source of livelihood. Understanding this basic human psychology is important.

b. Preclinical doctors usually do not practice in any private hospital, nursing home, etc or practice in some private chamber. They are hardly trained for dealing with patients during the MD/MS courses. Preclinical faculties are usually engaged full time in teaching and research in medical colleges. So they are fully dependent on jobs in Medical colleges.

c. If MCI cuts down the faculty requirements in Medical colleges, this will be seen as negative news by the undergraduate students planning to go for post graduation. They fear that after doing post graduation in Preclinical subjects, they will neither be able to handle patients well enough, nor will they get any jobs. So they usually tend to avoid preclinical subjects and go for clinical subjects or wait for the next PG entrance examination. This is the situation happening in the medical colleges across India and the root cause of so many vacant seats in the preclinical subjects during postgraduate counseling. In the 2015 AIQPG Counseling, there were tentatively 163 seats in Anatomy, out of which about 129 seats went vacant (whooping 79%). These large numbers of post graduate seats going vacant in Anatomy during post graduate counseling is ample evidence to the fact that MCI needs to relook its strategy.

d. Avoidance of the Preclinical subjects shall cause an actual reduction in faculty in the near future. This shall prompt MCI to again cut down staff strength further which shall deter even more medical graduates. This will create a vicious cycle until the whole Pre clinical subjects are ruined, which in turn shall crush the very backbone of medical education.

e. Instead on adopting a myopic solution,, MCI should devise strategies which will break this vicious cycle. This can be done by taking steps which will attract undergraduates to do post graduation in the Preclinical subjects like Anatomy.

• Subjects like Anatomy has been one of the worst affected Departments. The curriculum has become obsolete. After doing MD/MS in Anatomy, the doctor has limited options as there is no scope of higher studies like DM/ MCh. As a result MD/MS Anatomy seats go increasingly vacant in India. There is an urgent need to revitalize the Subject of Anatomy so that medical graduates opt for Anatomy more. Instead of cutting down staff due to staff shortage, it is recommended that MCI should introduced some modernization plans and reforms in the subject that attracts graduates to Anatomy. If anatomy knowledge in doctors is weak, it is impossible to be a good doctor as the subject is the founding pillar of medical science.

3. Lot of importance has been given on publications, credit hours, attending conferences, CMEs, workshops, medical education, etc. If faculties have no spare time from classes, they will be forced to skip all these educational programs. As such the quality of manpower in the country will be drastically reduced. They will be reduced to robots teaching a few basic things written in books without personal academic development. Indian teachers will be increasingly dependent on foreign knowledge, rather than developing their own database and knowledge. Publications will become nonexistent. This in turn would be a huge blow to the country which is trying to propagate the “Make in India” brand.

4. Most of the Anatomists do not have adequate support staff in the form of Clerical staff and Technicians as mandated by the MCI. One clerk is shared between three 1st MBBS departments. The Teaching Faculties are forced to maintain the attendance records, question paper typing and printing, mark lists tabulation, departmental indent procedures and any other relevant or irrelevant paperwork. How does reduction of Teaching Faculties address such issues?

5. Compared to other two preclinical subjects in 1st MBBS, namely Physiology and Biochemistry, the MCI is aware that the number of teaching hours in Anatomy far exceeds the number of teaching hours in the other two subjects; Anatomy has a total of approximately 650 hours, of which around 450 hours are allotted to practical and dissection sessions. Yet the faculty strength for Anatomy has been kept at par with that of Physiology and Biochemistry. In this context the reduction of faculties in Anatomy is not proportionate to the teaching hours; more faculties are needed than even previous norms to maintain the practical and dissection sessions in the wake of increasing admissions of students.

6. Several teachers are involved during a single Practical class in Anatomy as small groups teaching makes up an important part of imparting education to the students. Every day, at least five days a week and in some colleges six days a week, Anatomy has compulsory dissection classes that range between two hours in some states to three hours in other states. In addition to the small group teaching during dissection, histology practical, osteology (bone) demonstrations, the Anatomy teachers are also involved in museum activities of preparation and maintenance of specimens and models with demonstrating the same to students, embalming cadavers, conducting weekly table, part completion exams, semesters, the MBBS Examinations, evaluating the papers of the tests and exams, dissection records, histology records, conducting seminars and journal clubs, conducting their own personal research and preparing publications, etc. It is not easy to do justice to all these activities, particularly with the increasing number of students and decreasing number of faculties. The skewing of ratio of faculty to students per table of cadaver dissection, the ratio of faculty to students per microscope and the ratio of faculty to students per examination process find no clear logic. Mentoring of
students has also been made a part of student activities of the faculties by the MCI. In this context, reduction of faculties will affect this crucial element of student welfare.

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7. Anatomists are continuously exposed to 'Formalin', a known DNA toxic agent and a carcinogen. Reducing faculties increases the amount of exposure on the remaining few regular faculties. Anatomists do not receive any risk allowances for chronic occupational hazard. Thus the reduction of faculties in Anatomy appears unjustified with no value given to the health and lives of anatomists.

8. Most of the newer medical colleges are a part of some big educational trust running different colleges and courses under them. A Medical Teaching Faculty in Anatomy is thus forced by the college management to also take classes without additional remuneration, as well as take part in evaluation processes for Nursing, Dental, Physiotherapy and Pharmacy students by getting pulled away from the already hectic MBBS Anatomy schedule. All these conveniently bypass the MCI inspections. In this context reduction of Medical Teaching Faculties in Anatomy will only exacerbate the miseries of MBBS Anatomy Teaching.

9. The previous bodies of MCI had approved a specific number of faculties which they termed 'Minimum requirements'. The numbers were fixed considering various factors like the number of hours a teacher teaches and does other allied works, the number of students a teacher teaches at a time, etc. If the present amendment of MCI has decreased the faculty strength to less than the minimum set levels, it can mean that it has gone below the minimum levels required to maintain a minimum level of education. Alternately it shall mean that the minimum levels set by the previous MCI bodies were not actually 'minimum levels' which would mean that the MCI had caused a huge loss to the state exchequer. We feel that complexities and advances in medical science, hunger for knowledge from the students and number of patients will only increase with time. So, if any change is to be done with faculty numbers, it should only be an increase.

10. The number of teaching faculties in Anatomy and other Departments of various cadres (Professors, Associate Professors, Assistant Professors and Tutors/ Demonstrators/ Residents) is not truly represented in the MCI faculty database. The number of faculties who have since retired from the posts and moved on or expired, the number of faculties who have been promoted in the last five years and the number of faculties who are awaiting a promotion now and in the next 1-2 years are not available on MCI database. The database has very old entries and is ambiguous. This is further muddled with the number of ghost faculties. If the database itself is faulty, MCI can never claim with authority that there is shortage of faculties, particulary in Anatomy. There is an urgent need for the experts at MCI to purify their databases of all spurious entries and then arrive at the correct number of faculties available to carry on teaching. The shortage of faculties projected by MCI as a reason for reducing faculties is artificial. On the contrary, there appears to be a

stagnancy. Many teachers, particularly in Government colleges have stayed in the same post for several extra years just because no vacancy is getting created in the next higher position. Medical education should not be designed keeping in view the needs of the Private Medical colleges alone. Due consideration of the status of the Government Medical colleges should also be given. The MCI needs to make its stand on above mentioned faculties and their promotions completely transparent with details of the number of Associate Professors eligible for Professor, number of Assistant Professor eligible for Associate Professor, number of tutors eligible for Assistant Professor at present and in the next 1-2 years. If properly analyzed, it is possible that the number of eligible teachers far exceeds the vacancies created by new colleges and retirements. Timely promotions following MCI TEQ shall definitely solve the problem.

MCI should come out with data regarding:

a. Total Number of new colleges set up in a year and the total vacancies created thereby for each Department against each post

b. Total Number of vacancies created by the retirement in each Department against each post.

c. Total Number of teachers becoming eligible to the next higher post in a year in each Department.

11. Completing an MD/MS is not a easy process. It's a highly technical subject. Eight and half years (4 ½ years as MBBS + 1 year internship + 3 years as MD/MS) of hard work and regular contact with patients goes into the making of a MD/MS. This reflects in the teaching when compared with a M.Sc teaching the same topic after a three years of experience without patient contact. With shortage of staff, MBBS/ M.Sc shall start teaching topics that were taught by MD/MS. The quality of the MBBS graduates produced will be proportionately low. One should not allow any leniency in the quality of medical education as it deals with the life of people. Any compromise in this matter means putting the lives of patients at risk.

12. The discrepancies in faculty data base are compounded by the presence of M.Sc. (Anatomy), the so called non medical Anatomists, by virtue of their qualifications being other than through MBBS. The MCI needs to ascertain how many of these M. Sc (Anatomy) degrees are from genuine Medical stream and how many are from the Science stream; those from the science stream are not allowed to be faculties in medical colleges. Lot of ambiguities exist in this sphere; most of these colleges offering M. Sc degrees are not under the purview of MCI or have managed to successfully bypass the process; most of them are not attached to any hospital. The need for M. Sc candidates is felt up to the laboratory level. The actual medical teaching of a medical student in terms of Clinical correlation of Anatomy is best imparted by a Doctor with MBBS and MD/ MS Anatomy degrees as they have previous practical experience of dealing with the human body. Anatomy is not a theoretical subject, where the teacher just reads a book and vomits it in front of the student. This creates an imbalance between groups. Some groups are taught by MSc/MBBS tutors while some are taught by MD/MS Professors. This creates an inequality in education. All MBBS and MSc currently posted and teaching Anatomy to the MBBS student should be supervised by the MD/MS Anatomy staff. As such, reducing the numbers of the staff will only lead to a poor quality teaching.

13. The shortage of faculties has a prime reason in that the working and service conditions along with pay conditions are not uniform across the country. In many colleges, there is no date for guarantee of salaries, no rules for leaves, ambiguous rules for resigning and relieving and a faculty is at the mercy of a college management which creates and interprets rules and laws as per their motive of a profit. All of us are Income Tax payers; majority of us are Professional Tax payers, but there is no guarantee of regular salary in many colleges. The reduction of faculties has only made the existing colleges more tight fisted and aggressive towards the regular faculties. Already many colleges have been asking their faculties to put in their papers. In this context, the MCI needs to ensure that all national norms regarding service and pay conditions are mandated to be followed by every existing and proposed medical colleges as a perquisite to grant of permission and renewal. The excuse offered by the colleges is that since they have not got approval for a particular batch, there is a financial crisis and hence salaries will not be regular. In this context, the MCI has all the relevant A forms submitted by various medical colleges wherein their annual budgets are the next five years are attached.
Mechanisms should be put in place to ensure proper scrutiny of whether a college can sustain itself and not flounder financially, for even a single loss of batch of students, and thus pass on the financial instability to its faculties. A faculty with financial and job and career insecurity cannot do justice to the rigorous demands of medical teaching. Some administrations with existing colleges and planning to set up new colleges have a bad reputation of untimely salary, misconduct to staff and doctors, withholding release orders and keeping them virtually under house arrest. With such bad records, many faculties may be reluctant to join such colleges. Many complaints made by faculties in this regard have been brushed aside. MCI hardly interferes as it is an issue between employer and employee. Then how can MCI target the employees if it chooses not to work under some employer? It is beyond understanding as to how medical education gains from such measures where every faculty is working under a sword of Damocles.

14. The move by MCI shall cause a huge unemployment scenario. Many medical teachers shall lose their jobs because all the medical colleges having full strength staff will no longer wish to bear additional staff load and may have started issuing termination letters or issue them soon enough. By this act, MCI has violated the right of individuals to earn their livelihood.

15. This insecurity is further compounded by the reduction of faculties such that chances of promotion to the next higher posts are constricted. Stangnancy is already visible in Anatomy, particularly the Government Medical Colleges. The tendency to increase the retirement age also adds to the pyramid of hierarchy being top heavy and cause a stagnation in promotion.

16. The situation for an Indian Medical Graduate is so bad that the other countries like UK, US, Australia, Gulf and South East Asian countries like Singapore, Hong Kong, Thailand and Malaysia are mulling about willingness to even allow fresh Indian Medical pass outs to appear for their fellowship or post graduate entry examinations to pursue higher courses or licensing examinations to practice in their countries. This is the link of an article that was published in the Lancet, one of the prestigious International Medical Journals - http://the lancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140- 6736(15)61462-3.pdf. How then can reciprocity of mutual qualifications be achieved with other countries, if other countries are aware of the mess in Indian Medical education through International Journals?

17. It is laudable that MCI wants to increase the number of medical colleges. But, instead on quantity, MCI should focus on quality. The prescribed standards by the MCI are called Minimum Standard Requirements (MSR). It is surprising that even such MSR cannot be attained by vast majority of colleges over decades and the solution being offered by MCI is to lower the bar Will lowering the bar further downwards really achieve increasing quality of medical education?

Based on the above points, a humble and urgent prayer is made to the Medical Council of India to revert its decision of reducing faculty, especially in Anatomy; and not to create such existential crisis for the existing faculties and the future faculties. Even at the time of filing this petition, Medical Teaching Faculties across colleges and states are facing the axe.

Recommendations from the Society of Clinical Anatomists:

1. MCI should withdraw its decision of reducing faculty positions with immediate effect and maintain status quo. MCI should then gradually try to achieve the numbers that were fixed previously. This move shall attract graduates to Anatomy due to better job oppurtunities.

2. Introduce scope for higher studies (DM/MCh) for Preclinical subjects. At present there is no superspeciality (DM/MCh) subject where an Anatomist can study. MCI claims Medical Genetics is one subject where postgraduate from any subject can do DM. But in reality, SGPGI, Lucknow is the only institute in India which offers this course and it does not allow Anatomist to even apply for the post. Anatomists should be allowed entry to DM Medical Genetics which are the domain of Pediatricians, Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecologists. Also Anatomists should be allowed entry into courses in Artificial Reproduction, which is the domain of Obstetrics and Gynecologists. As Embryology is a part of Anatomy, Anatomists may also be eligible to work in the field of Artificial Reproduction.

3. Restructure the Medical curriculum of Anatomy.

• Genetics and Clinical embryology/IVF should be made part of Anatomy curriculum. Post graduates in Anatomy should be trained in Cytogenetics, Molecular genetics, Medical genetics, Clinical embryology, Artificial Reproduction, etc.
• Post graduates in Anatomy should be given posting in different clinical Departments so that the subject is made more dynamic.

a. Obstetrics and Gynecology: shall help in doing IVF in future

b. Radiology: shall help in understanding radiological anatomy.

c. Surgery: shall help in doing minor surgical procedures.

d. Medicine/Emergency: shall help in keeping them updated in the general medical practices.

4. There are reports that some clinicians do not welcome preclinical doctors working with them. This should be strictly included in the ethics of Medical science that doctors of any department should welcome and encourage doctors of other departments working part time amongst them. Interdisciplinary research should be stressed. Research involving the basic medical sciences should be encouraged and be given more credit points.

5. Improve the basic amenities provided to the faculties. Give directives to medical colleges to give higher non practice allowances/ additional bonus and incentives for Preclinical subjects. Clinical subject doctors have the liberty to earn extra income from private chambers, nursing homes in their free hours. But Anatomy teachers sacrifice all their time under formalin exposure for research and the betterment of students without other source of income. This fact acts as a deterrent which for fresh graduates. Additional bonus / incentives/ higher non practice allowances for Preclinical subjects can solve this problem. MCI should give directives for nationalized service and pay conditions, similar to All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) and like institutes.

6. To understand the core issues and problems faced by the Anatomy community, consultation with National societies like the Society of Clinical Anatomists is suggested. New life needs to be pumped into subjects like Anatomy that can attract more graduates into the subject.

With all due respects and prayers to Medical Council of India.
Dr. Daksha Dixit

MBBS, MS (Anatomy) President,

Society of Clinical Anatomists (SOCA)

Dr. Gaurav Agnihotri
MBBS, MS (Anatomy) General Secretary

Society of Clinical Anatomists (SOCA)

Dated:02.09.2015

(End of SOCA Petition)


As such, similar Suggestions were also communicated by me to the Hon'ble Supreme Court (SC) mandated Oversight Committee (OC) during Public Forum discussions on the draft National Medical Commission (NMC) bill.

http://ddatta16.blogspot.in/2017/03/suggestions-sent-to-honbl-sc-mandated.html?m=1

On top of the above mentioned discrepancies, Indian Medical Faculty exploitation and subjugation is further compounded by OFAMOS.

http://ddatta16.blogspot.in/2017/03/ofamos-online-faculty-attendance.html?m=1

It remains to be seen if anyone has the true interests of Indian Medical Education and thus of Indian Healthcare, at heart.